This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On The Happy Life It focuses specifically on his discussion about different kinds of virtues, using an analogy to going uphill or downhill, where some of the virtues require us to make an effort to push upwards against resistance, and other virtues require us to use restraint to keep things from sliding downwards. For the most part the virtues of the first sort are sub-virtues of the cardinal virtue of courage, and the virtues of the second sort are sub-virtues of the cardinal virtues of temperance and justice To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On The Happy Life - amzn.to/3BrQD7T