Paul’s anguish over unbelieving Israel was made more painful when he thought of all the unique privileges and blessings that they possessed. The question hanging in the air is “Has God’s word failed? Can we trust God?” In Romans 9:1-13, Paul launches into the basis of election: an explanation of the doctrines of unconditional election and divine sovereignty over human willing. Paul argues for God’s faithfulness in His sovereign election of Israel. He aims to vindicate God’s righteousness.  God’s word has NOT failed! Our faithful God has kept, is keeping and WILL keep his promises!